everett



s. T. THOMAS & E. EVERETT.

E. A. EVERETT, Admi nistrairix of E. EVERETT, Decd. WARPING AND DRESSING YARN.

No. 11,436; Patented Aug. 1, 1 54 THE "cams vzrzas cow. mo-raLn-HQ, wAsums'rou, 04 c.

UNITED STATES PAT NT OFFICE.

SAMUEL. T. THOMAS AND ELIZA ANN EVERETT, on LAWRENCE, MAsSAGHUsETTsQ sin) ELIZA ANN EVERETT ADMINISTRATRIX F DWARD EVERETT, nEoEA'sED.

. WARPING AND DRESSING YARNS.

Speei ficatibn of raters Patent o. 11,436, dated Aug-r1551,- 1 54.

T0 all whom itmcy concern: p

Be lllkIlOWIl that I, SA UEL. T.;TH0MAs,

of Lawrence, in the county of Essex and State of Massachusetts, in conjunction with Edward gEverett, deceased, late of said Lawrence, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in the Mechamcal Process of lVa-rpmg and Dresslng Yarns,

andthat the following description, taken in connection with the, accompanying drawings, hereinafter referred to, forms a full} and exact specification of the same, whereinl are set forth. the nature and principles ofour said improvements, by which our inven- Letters Patent.

tionmaybe distinguished from others ofai The figurw of the accompany-ingiplate of drawings represent my improvements.

. Injplate 1, Figure l=is a plan orto-p view of my machine, and Fig. 2 an enlarged central vertical section of the sectional loom beam.

Fig. 3 is a plan of the entire loom beam. In

Plate 2, Fig. 4 is aside elevation of the ma chine and Fig. 5 an enlarged vertical section of one ofthe fan cylinders: l

v The ordinary. method of jwarping and dressing cotton yarns, is by theagency of the distinct machines. First, a machine deliver the yarns to a; beam f01lIfOI five feet long, with beads of about fifteen inches calledwarper, in which 200 or 300 small spools or bobbins of yarn are placed, that.

diameter, technically 1 called a section beam. As the yarns are wound upon these beams, they frequentlyin'crease in diameter faster atone end, than atthe other, and as some of the yarns are taken onto the beam faster than others, i a general unevenness is produced upon the surface or; the beam. Secondly, eight of said section beams are placed in a machine, (four at each end) called adressen. To each beam a friction strap,lever, and adjustable welght 1s ap plied. In the center of said dresser, is:

placed a loombeam, driventby necessary gearing. The yarns from the several section beams, are passed through proper guides, or raddles; thence through four or eight sets (as the operato-rmay decide), of

size rolls, thence through other raddles, brushes, &c., to the center of the machine,

where theyare attachedto the loom beam.

Motionisthen given to the loom beam, causingiall the size rolls, and the .eightsection beams, torevolve by the tension .or draftof the yarns.

The purpose of the strap, lever, and ad justable weightis, to prevent the-section beam from revolving 'too easily and to produce sufficient resistance, to take the elastlcity from the shorter threads, or cause them tostretch sufhoiently to keep the long-.

est ones straight. i l u The weights are adjusted by the tender, as the section beams decrease in diameter, in order to equalize the tension of the-yarns.

The uniformity of tension, which is: very ties, in the arrangement of. colors; and; in

making up, 'and changingTia-n unlimited variety of stripes, inthe warp yarns,and'.c'onsequently in the fabric:

The amount of tension on the yarns, running from these small bobbins, is not sufficient to take, any, of the elasticity from the yarns, being only enough. to keep them straight, so that one thread shall not twist around another, previous to their) entering between the size rolls. After passing between the size rolls, there is no. variation 1 in the tension, but each individual thread I will bear its equal proportion of strain, whereby the elasticity1will be taken alike, from each of the threads, which will be delivered upon the loom beam in like manner. 4 Q

. The amount of strainfor tension, given to, the threads,.previous to their entering between the size rolls, .isnot more than live per cent. of the amount given'tthem", when they are delivered uponthe loomibe'am.

The amount of varying tension the threadsreoeive, in turn'ingthe small bobbins by the variation. of their diameterspwhile the yarn is being unwound, isso slight, that it is not p erceivable in the work. M i

It will readily be seen that yarn sized,

and dressed, and delivered, upon a loom beam ready for Weaving, with the stretch, or elasticity, taken from each of the threads alike, will weave with very much less breakage, than those yarns, which, as by the old process have been dressed and delivered, to the loom beam, with nearly all the elasticity taken from them, while the others have not been stretched at all.

In our machine fewer yarns are drawn through, as only one section, or part of'the loom beam, is formed at once, whereby a large number of sizing rolls, may be dispen'sed with, which have heretofore been used, and, which still further increase the variation of tension in the yarns which pass between them. I I

In our machlne, by warping and dressing directly from small bobbins, or spools, containing each but one thread, they are so readily inserted, or removed, that great facilities for the arrangement of colors, are aiforded, While the width ofthe loom beam,

and the number of threads to the inch, can be varied at -pleasure,'and is not, as in the old method, dependent upon the width and number ofthreads, contained on the section beam. The stripes, in the fabric, can also be varied by this arrangement, at will, with out'changing the spools, or bobbins, which supply the yarns. This is done, by so placing the sectionalloom beams, with regard to each other, in the loom, as to bring the endstripe of one, immediately adjacent to a' similar stripe'of the next, it being only necessarynin thus-arranging the sectional loom beams, to alternate their direction of revolution, while being filled, as will hereinafter be more fully explained.

- 'We have'also made an essential improvement in the methodof drying yarns, after they have passed through the sizing trough.

The fans which hitherto have been employed for this purpose, have but imperfectly performed their oflice, as they blow the air against the yarns in a singlecurrent or jet,

andtherefore but a small portion of the yarns, lie in-the current of air at a time, while the force of the current thus impinged against the yarns, blows them so far away when broken, as to prevent their being readporting framework of the machine.

' b, b, are the spools or bobbins upon which the yarns are wound. These spools are of small diameter, and are arranged asshown in Fig. 1 Plate 1, and Fig. 4 Plate 2 The yarns, represented by colored lines in the drawings, pass from these spools, through proper saddles or guide 0 0, between the sizing rolls (Z, d, and from thence through saddles e, c, and over the roll f, as shown in Fig. lPlate '1, and Fig. 4 Plate 2, to the 'first slatted fan cylinder 9 g, the constructionand operation of which will now be described.

it h &c., Fig. 5 Plate 2, are the fans connected'by proper arms '2' i, to a revolving shaft 70. These fans revolve in, and are encased by a cylinder composed of slats g, 9 arranged with spaces or openings between them. The journals of this cylinder rest upon frictionrolls Z, Z, shown by dotted lines in Fig. 4;, so as to be easily revolved by the drawing of the yarns, which are guided by the roll f, before referred to, and thefirst heating cylinder m,'around a large portion of the periphery. of the slatted fan cylinder 9 g. By this arrangement, the yarns, instead of being exposed to a strong single current or jet of air upon a small portion of their length only, as occurs in the use of the ordinary fan, the construction, of which is well known, are kept, as it were, in a gentle circulation or current of air, the force of the current, produced by the revolution of the fans, being broken by the slats g, g, between which the air has to pass before reaching the yarns. As the yarns are made to pass around a large portion of the periphery of the slatted cylinder 9 g, they are exposed, through a large portion of their length, to the current of air produced by the fans, thusfacilitating the process of drying,while in the case of the breaking of a yarn, it can be readily reunited, as it is not blown off, which often happens in the use of the commonfans for drying yarns. After passing around the first slatted cylinder g, and over the first. heated metallic cylinder m, the yarnspass under the heated cylinder n, andover the heated cylinder 0', to the second slatted fan cylinder 39 79, constructed in a precisely similar manner to the slatted cylinder 9 g, and from thence over the roll 9 q, and through the saddles r 1. From these saddles r r they converge to the last saddles s .9, through which they pass and are Wound upon a sectional loom beam 7,, as shown in the drawings; but as we as to keep the yarns in a heated current while passing around them, and the yarns,

after passing through the sizing apparatus, may be dressed in the usual manner by brushes.

Havingthus described our improvements our claims will be stated as follows:

What is claimed as our invention and desired to be secured by Letters Patent is 1. The above described improvements in the process of warping, and dressing yarns, consisting, first, in Warping and dressing yarns, directly from small spools, or bobbins, instead of from large section beams heretofore used, to sectional loom beams, for the purpose of securing a uniform tension in the yarns Wound upon the loom beam, and also affording greater facilities for readily producing a variety in the stripe of the fabric, as hereinabove set forth.

2. Our improvement in the fan cylinder for drylng ,the yarns, which consists in a 

